Cervical fibroids, noted concentration, as the name implies, on the neck, is a fairly common pathology. Osteoporosis of the cervix, symptoms that are not always considered this obvious disease, taking into account the peculiarities of its local and local process, often leads to referral to specialist physicians. This symptom is contradictory in other fields.
General description
Much of the development of cervical necrosis occurs due to a sedentary lifestyle, which is especially facilitated by a significant shift from manual labor, albeit to a lesser extent. moderately, which had prevailed before, to intellectual labor, again, accompanied by sedentary work.
In general, before we move on to looking at the characteristic symptoms of osteonecrosis of the cervix, I would like to note that it is possible to notice certain differences in it compared to the symptoms. is accompanied by general osteonecrosis, which is perhaps not particularly surprising. Those anatomical features have a specific area of interest (the cervical spine itself).
The vertebrae, located in the neck area, are close enough together. Meanwhile, the framework located in the cervical spine is not well developed, which is a contributing factor to the displacement of the vertebrae. As a result, it causes pressure on nerves and blood vessels that are too abundant in the cervical area. So, for example, here is the spinal artery running, with the help of which supplies blood to the brain (or rather its posterior parts, presented in the form of the spinal cord and cerebellum. ) guaranteed.
Compression (i. e. compression of) of the vertebral artery due to decreased blood circulation can cause ischemia of the spinal cord and brain, and if we consider acute options for such a courseThus, it can even cause spinal stroke. By the way, a similar damage to the artery can be assessed by the appearance of symptoms in the form of impaired coordination of movements, frequent dizziness, as well as disorders related to vision and hearing. sense.
The general compactness of the cervical region can cause slight muscle tension or displacement of the spine to compress nerve endings, implying pinching of nerves in the neck area, also possibleAffects blood vessel structure. Osteophytes, formed on the basis of such conditions, only lead to the worse situation, due to the inherent compactness of the cervical spine. Let us remind our readers that the small growth that forms directly on the bone is defined as the osteoporosis, the components of this growth are those that are formed during disease hypertrophy. (that is, in the general sense, hypertrophy is a process in which there is an increase in a separate part of the body / organ).
Fibroids of the cervix cause the development of protrusions and hernias in the spine, their effects, in addition to features such as spinal displacement, spinal strain and formation of bone cells, also insertsnerve root compression, and thus, leads to the development of edema and inflammation there. As a result, once again, when we return to the compact size of the spinal canal of the part we are interested in, we still have to emphasize that the root completely covers its volume, which in turn occurs. add pressure - this time directly in the spinal canal. As an obvious manifestation of such a pathological process, pain syndrome is noted.
Furthermore, bone necrosis can also lead to brain compression, and, due to the inherent narrowing in the spinal canal of the part in question, it occurs much more often than when considering the processes inlumbar and thoracic region. Notably, the affected area experienced a decrease in cervical necrosis not only for the lesions of the neck and head itself, but also for the lesions of the limbs (in the upper part, a similar result was found. diagnosis much more often). With these features of cervical necrosis, it is he who becomes one of the most common causes of disability in patients.
So let's try to summarize, in which, in particular, I would like to reiterate the factors that lead to the compression of nerve structures and blood vessels in the cervical spinal necrosis. .
- Slip (or displace) the vertebral disc. This condition includes a specific definition - spondylolisthesis. For the most part, this type of displacement is minimal in terms of the frequency of their occurrence in practice, furthermore, it is important that even a slight shift can provoke the development of paralysis. , not to mention more severe displacement, which resulted in neither more nor less results.
- Tubular bone. As we have already noted, cervical bone necrosis stimulates the growth of corresponding growth cells, ie osteogenesis cells. In turn, they are located on the sides of the vertebral body, leading to irritation of the muscles directly adjacent to them, increasing their tonicity. Consequently, the load on the vertebra increases, which increases the pressure applied to the disc while reducing its height. In the context of such a process, the risk of protrusion of the eye increases. Bone cells directing to the passage of the vertebral artery can cause narrowing.
- Spherical proton formation, spinal hernia. All of this is one of the options for the development of cervical bone necrosis-related processes.
- Changes the height of the spinal disc (ie its flatness). In frequent cases, a decrease in height occurs due to a decrease in the size of the disc. Also, it is important to note that even an unsuccessful neck rotation can lead to a pinched cervical vertebrae, leading to further compression (i. e. compression).
Cervical fibroids: symptoms
Spine changes in cervical necrosis occur with many clinical manifestations. It is worth noting that enumerating them can help to present about three dozen options, while the most interesting and surprising thing for the patient himself may be that apart from the "traditional" neck pain one has tofaced with symptoms that did not appear at first glance. according to the mentioned disease. So, for example, not everyone will be associated with that diagnosis of elbow joint pain, leg weakness or visual disturbances, as well as some other manifestations, which we will also try to address in the section. discussed below.
In order to present the main symptoms that may be associated with cervical necrosis, we have the condition to distinguish three main groups against them, which are determined by the primary involvement of the nervous system. Central on the pathological process of each group.
- Group I. This includes the neurological symptoms of the disease, which are considered its complications, arising from the effect of this process directly on the disc and nerve roots, as well as nerves and tangles (sayotherwise, this process involves the peripheral part of the nervous system).
- Group II. In this case, we are talking about the symptom associated with cervical necrosis, manifested by the direct effect of the pathological process on the spinal cord.
- Group III. Symptoms are directly related to the processes that occur during cervical bone necrosis in the brain, and therefore, in the cranial nerves, in the structure and membranes of the brain hemisphere, in the trunk and in the brain. vessels of the brain.
Summarized to each group, it can be noted that the symptoms of necrosis of the neck of the first group mainly include pain, symptoms of the second group - movement disorders and symptoms ofthe third group - in phenomena related to the pathological effect on the vessels, in fact, in vascular phenomena. . . . Of course, in frequent cases, the manifestation of these symptoms is not only noted in a pure form but also in combination, however, the possibility of identifying the leading group is not excluded from theThe options listed are based on the available symptoms.
Cervical fibroids: symptoms of the first group
As we noted earlier, the first group includes symptoms in the form of painful manifestations, which occur due to damage to the peripheral nervous system. This includes constant pain in the neck (defined as "cervi-kaglia") and sciatica, cervical lumbar pain. In addition, muscle pain, joint pain (wrist joint, elbow or shoulder joint), chest pain (possibly heart attack, liver) may also occur.
It should be noted that neck pain is the first symptom of cervical necrosis, and it is noted in most patients with this diagnosis. Such pains appear in the morning after waking up, intensifying when attempting to roll in a supine position, as well as when laughing, coughing, unsuccessfully turning head, or when sneezing, which canoccurs in any other location on the body. The nature of pain can be defined as dull and dull, in some cases the pain can flare up, however, regardless of particular choice, the native of these pain sensations areconcentrated in the depths of the neck. As for pain times, it can be both cyclical and constant.
Pain, which occurs upon waking up, can decrease in intensity by itself, occurs during the day and can disappear completely. Does not exclude the irradiation of pain (its spread) to the shoulder area and the surface of the neck.
There may also be moderate neck strain and shortness of breath in the neck area. The acute stage of manifestation of the disease is characterized by the patient's application of a somewhat eccentric position, in which they tend to keep their head slightly tilted forward and simultaneously to the side. In the case of low back pain, there is often a restriction in the rotation of the head.
The fairly frequent characteristic symptom of cervical necrosis is the noise that occurs at the time of the turn of the head in the form of a crack and a crack, which allows us to think of rubbing. rubbing of rocks in the sand. Usually in such cases, it is possible to diagnose the timing of the cervical necrosis process, which is excluded from the patient's attention for a part of the listed symptoms.
In addition to neck and lumbar pain, cervical spinal cord tumors can occur in association with cervicitis and cervical root inflammation; These conditions manifest as pain concentrated in the upper cervical spine and in the occipital. The increase in pain is noted at the time of turning the head in one direction or the other, and to a lesser extent such pain manifestations are associated with other actions. Most often, the spread of pain in cervical degenerative disease occurs to the shoulder and arm (for one or both). In particular, this happens at the moment of muscle tension, which is directly connected to specific nerve roots, squeezed by the vertebrae.
It can be roughly noted that cervical rhizitis accounts for about 90% of root compression cases in 6 and 7 departments, 5% - in 5 and 8 departments. Therefore, the failure of the sixth part leads to the appearance of a feeling of discomfort or pain, concentrated on the front outer surface of the forearm area with the thumb; seventh cervical root associated with discomfort and pain in the middle finger; the involvement of the eighth root leads to discomfort and pain in the little finger.
If the lesion affects the upper vertebra and the cervical disc, it can lead to the involvement of the occipital nerve in the process, causing the skin of the inner occipital. This is correspondingly manifested by pain in the back of the head, they are constant, characterized by periodic enhancement. In addition, the nape area loses sensitivity, it is possible to identify a specific pain point in the form of a painful and tense mass.
Cervical fibroids often lead to the development of scoliosis, which occurs as a result of the constriction of the neck muscles against the background of the head tilt and neck curvature of the condition. In this case, in the patient, the head is slightly tilted to one side / forward or sideways / back. The inability to move the neck, trying to turn toward the head is accompanied by the appearance of certain pain sensations in the neck, shoulders, or back of the head.
Compression of blood vessels in osteonecrosis due to insufficient blood supply for this reason leads to the weakening of the vessels in the radial artery and also pain with the fingersPale.
Another manifestation of degenerative cervical spondylosis is a complication in which pain concentrates occur in the shoulder joint, defined asperiarthritis. It develops due to a violation of the inner layer in the scaly region, as a result of which dystrophic changes develop gradually, increasing gradually. These disorders appear with the onset of the painful process accompanied by cervical bone necrosis, but for a long time, they are simply not visible.
The main symptom of this pathology is pain in the joints, often arising for an unknown reason, manifestations of this pain in the intensified form are noted at night. Then, kidnapping to one side of the arm leads to pain (mainly from the outer part of the joint), probing identifying the affected area. Due to the patient's desire to ensure that the rest of the limbs are sore, the joint becomes stiff on the background of the muscle contraction reflex in it ("stiffening of the shoulder"). Then, in the absence of treatment, it becomes impossible to raise the arm too much to the side.
Cervical fibroids: symptoms of the second group
Symptoms of the second group include syndromes that occur against a background of cervical-level lesions of the spinal cord. Two possible mechanisms lead to it, this is compression caused by the spinal cord that has fallen out of the disc due to its soft nature, or damage to the spinal cord from (old) hard disks or blocks growing fromposterior cervical vertebrae. In women, the first mechanism is more often noted, in men - the second.
Symptoms of this disease are often accompanied by weakness in the arms and legs, in the legs there is an increase in tonicity without losing muscle weight, in the hands, in contrast, the sound decreases, the volume decreases. Mild muscle twitching in the arm may also develop, without pain. Usually, such a complication is diagnosed between the ages of 40 and 55 years, less often in the old age, and even less often in the young age. The association of such a complication can be said if the patient has a heart disorder (arrhythmia) or atherosclerosis.
Changes in the spinal cord are defined asmyelopathy, which develops on the basis of pathological changes in the disc located in thearea between the 5th and 6th cervical vertebrae. Its development can be provoked by spinal injuries, excessive stress affecting the muscles of the shoulder, as well as negative emotions and drunkenness.
One of the types of manifestations of myelopathy is the disappearance of temperature and sensitivity to pain due to the peculiarities of the listed clinical manifestations. Accordingly, the patient loses the ability to feel the stimulating effect in one way or another on the skin of the cervical region, the upper part of the chest and the arms (on one side). Therefore, the area that is lost sensitivity looks like half a coat. Along with the listed symptoms, spontaneous pain occurs (fracture, pain), from the injured side, the hand gradually weakens.
Another manifestation of cervical necrosis is "semiconductor disorder syndrome", which occurs when there is not enough blood supply to the lateral columns of the spinal cord (its parts). . This leads to increased fatigue of the lower extremities, noted while walking / standing, as well as intermittent noises. Does not rule out hand numbness as well as discomfort in them (this is very important during the day), in some cases such manifestations are noted in the feet. When eyes are closed, coordination is impaired. The listed phenomena, although constant, do not limit the patient's ability to work.
Cervical fibroids: symptoms of the third group
The third group of symptoms includes cerebral manifestations of the disease in question, which occur due to insufficient blood flow in the system responsible for the blood supply to the brain stem. The vertebral arteries act as the main vessels that make up such a system. Let's highlight the main types of syndrome involved in this case.
- Hypothalamic syndrome. It is diagnosed most often, manifested by symptoms suggesting disorders of the hypothalamus, or rather, in the form of neurological disorders. It is irritability and increased fatigue, anxiety and frustration, mood swings and sleep disturbances (on the surface of it, sleep is characterized by ease of waking up without feeling rested, difficultget into sleep). The ability to focus on something is also lost, the ability to remember is reduced, and unpleasant feelings often occur in many different organs. The manifestation cases are accompanied by the occurrence of unreasonable fear, anger, frustration, anxiety. Patient is pale, head limbs cold, sweating, increased pressure and pulse. The cravings, like the libido, decrease, the urination becomes more frequent.
- Drip syndrome. It includes unreasonable episodes of fainting in a patient with concomitant loss of consciousness (possibly unconsciousness), which also occurs due to vasospasm. The recovery of consciousness occurs quickly enough when the patient is lying in a horizontal position (head bow low). After an attack, patients with severe leg weakness, possibly headache.
- Vestibular progenitor syndrome. The only manifestation of the syndrome in the early stages of the disease is dizziness, which appears due to the sensitivity of the vestibular apparatus to inadequate blood supply. It is possible that nausea and vomiting are associated with some fluctuations in eyeball movement, unstable when walking.
- Cochlear stem syndrome. Its symptoms are tinnitus and noise, mostly on one side. Hearing may decrease, ear obstruction occurs, mainly the syndrome associated with the previous syndrome, but its independent course cannot be ruled out. By the way, it's not always easy to determine an association with cervical osteonecrosis with such symptoms.
- Laryngeal cider. The main symptom is the appearance of a sensation of a foreign body in the throat, making it difficult to swallow, this is also a feeling of dry throat, which can be accompanied by itching. Voice loses tone, pain in the larynx and throat, pain in these areas. When chatting shows signs of fatigue, needing rest, may have difficulty swallowing thick food accompanied by esophageal spasm, manifestations decreased after rest.
- Vision impairment. Many types of visual disturbances: immediate "fog", decreased vision, etc. , alternate with different disorders of the day.
Treatment
It is impossible to fully recover the disease we are looking at, so the treatment of the disease generally focuses on slowing down the current course of the process and, in particular, a specific phase ofsick. Exacerbations require hospitalization and part-time rest.
For drug therapy, it includes the appointment of analgesic drugs, does not preclude the use of novocaine muscle blockers. Parallel to treatment, the main focus is on vitamin therapy, which can prescribe muscle relaxants. The effectiveness of the results in the treatment of cervical fibroids is achieved using physiotherapy methods (electrophoresis using anesthetics, ultrasound procedures, etc. ). Treatment of cervical necrosis also means that it is necessary to wear so-called collar Shants, massage procedures are prescribed during remission.
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